Tower of Babylon

Ted Chiang, 2002

short_story

Quadrant Scores

Time Structure
LinearFractured
Pacing
Action-DrivenObservational
Threat Scale
IndividualSystemic
Protagonist Fate
VictoryAssimilation
Conflict Style
Western CombatKishōtenketsu
Price Type
PhysicalIdeological
Todorov's Stages
equilibrium
Description of the starting status quo.
disruption
The inciting incident or protocol failure.
recognition
When the protagonist realizes the disruption.
repair
The attempt to fix or survive it.
new equilibrium
The new, altered status quo.

Structural Analysis

1. Protocol Fiction Mapping (Summer of Protocols)#

  • Render a Rule:
  • Rehearse a Failure Mode:
  • Reveal a Human Insight:

2. Actantial Model (A.J. Greimas)#

  • Subject:
  • Object:
  • Sender (Destinator):
  • Receiver (Destinatee):
  • Helper:
  • Opponent:

3. Todorov's Equilibrium Model#

  • See YAML Frontmatter for stage breakdown.

4. The Freytag Pyramid#

  • Exposition:
  • Climax:

5. Propp's Morphology of the Folktale#

  • Applicable Narratemes:

6. Genette's Narrative Discourse#

  • Order / Duration / Focalization:

7. The Monomyth / Hero's Journey#

  • Subversions:

8. Dan Harmon's Story Circle#

  • The Take (The Price Paid):

9. Save the Cat! Beat Sheet#

  • Pacing Deviations:

10. Kishōtenketsu (Four-Act Structure)#

  • Applicability:

11. The Three-Act Structure#

  • Plot Points:

12. Lévi-Strauss's Binary Oppositions#

  • Primary Binary:
  • Secondary Binary:
  • The Mediator:

13. Cognitive Estrangement (Suvin / Shklovsky)#

  • The Familiar Concept:
  • The Estranging Mechanism:
  • The Cognitive Shift:

14. Bakhtin's Chronotope#

  • The Spatial Matrix:
  • The Temporal Flow:
  • The Point of Intersection:

15. Aristotelian Poetics#

  • Hamartia:
  • Peripeteia:
  • Anagnorisis:

16. Jungian Archetypal Analysis#

  • The Persona:
  • The Shadow:
  • The Anima/Animus:
  • The Trickster:

17. Genette's Transtextuality#

  • Intertextuality:
  • Paratextuality:
  • Metatextuality:

Characters11

HillalumElamite miner

The protagonist who journeys to Babylon to climb the tower, dig into the vault of heaven, and eventually discovers the cylindrical shape of the world.

NanniElamite miner

Hillalum's friend and fellow miner who accompanies him on the climb and shares his early experiences and anxieties.

BeliForeman of the Elamite miners

Leads the Elamite miners, announces their arrival at Babylon, and confers with the Egyptian foreman Senmut regarding safe tunneling.

LugatumCart-puller

A talkative puller who explains tower life to the miners, guides them through their first days of the climb, and bids them farewell when his crew turns back.

KuddaCart-puller and tower dweller

A puller from the second crew who lives on the tower, shows the miners the unique sunset at altitude, and explains the suspended balconies.

AlitumTower dweller

Kudda's wife, who lives on the tower and expresses no desire to ever visit the earth below.

SenmutForeman of the Egyptians

Leads the Egyptian stoneworkers and provides designs for sliding granite doors to protect the tunnels from potential floods.

QurdusaBricklayer

A worker who argues that Yahweh approves of their venture and will not flood the tower.

ElutiElamite miner

A pragmatic miner who debates Qurdusa, arguing that Yahweh is indifferent and will not protect them from the celestial waters.

DamqiyaElamite miner

A miner who is trapped alongside Hillalum in the flooding chamber and screams in panic when the sliding door is sealed.

AhuniElamite miner

A miner trapped with Hillalum and Damqiya who futilely hammers at the sealed granite door and prays as the water rises.